Introduction

CeCO, the Common eCommerce Ontology, is intended as a common vocabulary for describing the various domains of an online business-to-consumer, or business-to-business site. While this vocabulary may also cover other cases, or at least some of it's domains may be reusable in other areas it was decided to keep a fixed scope so as to keep the problem bounded, even if already large!

Ontology Overview

The figure above shows each of the different ontologies, one for each domain plus the foundation and their dependencies. Each domain has a color used in the diagrams throughout the rest of the book that helps show the

Background

The resulting Ontology has been used in various forms for various tasks since 2020 growing and adding domains as necessary. Some domains are still sketchy, some probably only have a subset of views, and so the complete set of domains is likely incomplete for some time.

Some of these use-cases include:

By including among the Class and property definitions SKOS Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) concept definitions so that as well as an ontology the same resource also defines a Thesaurus that can more easily be rendered for purely human usage.
By building domain-specific syntaxes over RDF/OWL we enable more ergonomic tools that integrate with the ontology without having to understand the details of OWL. One example of this is the Simple Domain Modeling Language (SDML).
Entity/Domain/API model validation; key entities in a model should correspond to classes in the ontology, if they are exposed in a public API they must be pretty important, right? Therefore, we verify that the name of these key entities match labels of classes in our Ontology, and from there we can validate other relations outbound from the entity. This not to say anything we find that we do not recognize is wrong, it maybe our ontology is incomplete, but it does mean either way we want to know.

Organization of this book

Part one of the book outlines the framework used to describe the ontology itself, the conceptual framework as well as the tools used, and the process by which these tools are applied. Part two is the Foundation ontology, the upper ontology which is not really commerce oriented in any way but provides a small kernel of terms that help provide cross-cutting semantics often by way of aspects that are added in as necessary. Finally, part three describes each of the commerce domains in detail.

Tools and Methods

To manage the size of this exercise we organize the content along two distinct and orthogonal axis; one is purely hierarchical allowing a breakdown into managable sized scopes, the other is a refinement across abstraction layers.

Organizational Dimensions

The organizational dimension separates the entire ontology into a set of domains, and each domain into a set of views.

Domains

A domain is best described as the set of concepts and entities necessarily described to understand one or more processes in an area of the business. As such the domain is often named for this area of the business or for one of these processes.

Views

A view is then centered on one or more of the entities within the domain and provides a specific slice of the overall model.

See Domains and Views.

Semantic Dimensions

The semantic, or abstraction, dimension simply separates one high-level view described using semantic maps (images) from our detailed formal ontology representations in RDF and OWL.

Concept Maps

The images are semantic maps using Cmap Tools suite, and provide a useful high-level way to capture the concepts used in our ontologies. The tools are light-weight and so are powerful for use in workshop environments capturing ideas in fast paced back and forth exchanges.

See Conceptual: CmapTools.

OWL Ontologies (Protégé)

The formal text is Turtle a serialization of the RDF, RDF Schema and OWL semantic web standards commonly used in the development of knowledge graphs and ontologies.

For the development of the OWL ontologies we use the excellent Protégé tool.

See Detailed: Protégé and OWL and OWL Guidelines.

Domains and Views

Domains

Given the definition from the Tools and Methods page:

A domain is best described as the set of concepts and entities necessarily described to understand one or more processes in an area of the business. As such the domain is often named for this area of the business or for one of these processes.

TBD

Views

Given the definition from the Tools and Methods page:

A view is then centered on one or more of the entities within the domain and provides a specific slice of the overall model.

TBD

Conceptual: CmapTools

The IHMC CmapTools software empowers users to construct, navigate, share and criticize knowledge models represented as concept maps. We use these tools because the very basis of the concept map is rooted in a very simple set of primitives; the concept and the linking phrases that relate concepts; that's it. You can add some styling to the diagram, and we do, but that doesn't change the meaning in any way other than by convention.

The CmapTools Interface

This simplicity means that the time you spend using the tools is time spent thinking about the concepts and relations, not about which shape, which of the many relationship types, whether this model element is allowed to be linked to this model element in this type of diagram. It's a very direct and immediate experience, something that also translates easily from whiteboard or napkin sketches to computer easily and quickly.

Building Concept Maps

Here are some useful quotes from the CmapTools web site:

Concept maps are graphical tools for organizing and representing knowledge in an organized fashion.
Cmap products empowers users to construct, navigate, share and criticize knowledge models represented as concept maps.
Concept maps express explicitly the most relevant relationships between a set of concepts. This relationship is depicted by means of the linking
phrases forming propositions.
In a concept map, each concept consists of the minimum number of words needed to express the object or event, and linking words are also as concise as possible and usually include a verb.
It is impossible to characterize any concept without its relation to other concepts.
More abstract concepts however cannot be described as having a cognitive representation as a category.

Specific Conventions

One convention you will see immediately is the use of the subClassOf linking phrase between concepts. This should be seen as expanding to the RDF predicate rdfs:subClassOf and to indicate that it is a meta-phrase it is always rendered in italics as show in the following.

RDF Schema subClassOf

In some cases sub-classes of a common parent class are incompatible, that is an individual may not be an instance of both classes. In OWL terms these two classes are disjoint. To describe this we use a similar convention, a linked meta-phrase disjointWith between the classes. In this case we also color the lines red to denote that this relation acts as a constraint. This relation expands to an owl:disjointWith predicate on each class definition.

OWL disjointWith

RDF allows for sub-property definitions and so our concept maps should allow us to describe them also. We dno not use the same convention as we do for classes (the invalid left-hand side of the image below), instead we use the linking phrases of the concept map as-is to define properties. In the example below contains is clearly a property, however containsOne is also a property because, by convention, it has an arrow that points to a linking phrase that is not italic (linking to italic phrases has no meaning). Also, this implies that a linking phrase could also have an arrow to another concept which would imply that the concept is itself a property unless it's usage elsewhere would prohibit that. In this diagram we show a greyed-out link to the root rdfs:Property which is of course implied for all linking phrases with no explicit parent.

RDF Schema subProperyOf

OWL allows us to denote that one relation is the inverse of another, this is particularly valuable in the presence of inference, but even without it is useful knowledge and so we should capture it. We use a similar convention to the disjointWith example above, as shown below. This results in the addition of an owl:inverseOf predicate to each property definition.

OWL inverseOf

Detailed: Protégé and OWL

OWL Guidelines

The following guidelines include basic naming guidance unless there are known/expected names that practitioners in the domain would expect to see.

Ontologies

Namespaces

The following are the minimum set of namespaces required in the ontologies defined in this book.

Name	prefix	URL
RDF	`rdf`	`<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>`
RDF Schema	`rdfs`	`<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>`
XML Schema.	`xsd`	`<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>`
OWL	`owl`	`<http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>`
SKOS	`skos`	`<http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>`
Dublin Core	`dcterms`	`<http://purl.org/dc/terms/>`

Minimum Required Namespaces

Ontology Predicates

The following are the expected predicates expected on all owl:Ontology resources.

Name	Required	Value / Purpose
`rdf:type` / `a`	yes	At least `owl:Ontology` , maybe `skos:ConceptScheme`
`owl:versionIRI`	yes	A version-specific IRI representing the version-distinct resource.
`owl:versionInfo`	yes	Used to attach the version identifier to this version-distinct resource.
`owl:backwardCompatibleWith`	no	TBD
`owl:imports`	no	Should import SKOS.
`skos:prefLabel`	yes	Primary label/name for this class.
`skos:altLabel`	no	Alternate label/names for this class.
`dct:creator`	no	TBD (also, editor, contributor)
`dct:title`	no	TBD
`dct:description`	no	Informal description of this class.

Expected Ontology Predicates

Notes:

The version IRI path is constructed with the template v/{year}/{month}/{day}/{domain}/, where the date is the release date for the ontology.
The version info string is constructed with the template v{year}-{month}-{day}, which matches the date in the version IRI.
Validation must ensure that any concept referenced by skos:hasTopConcept is a member of this ontology (our own constraint) and has the predicate skos:inScheme referencing this ontology.

Ontology Naming

Class Names: UpperCamelCase
Labels: Upper Camel Case

ex:FoundationalThings a owl:Ontology ;
  skos:prefLabel "Foundational Things" .

Example Ontology

##### Dependency Namespace Mapping ........................................##### 
@prefix rdf:     <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs:    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd:     <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix owl:     <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix skos:    <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .

##### Setup self, namespace and base .....................................##### 
@prefix :        <https://ceco.one/v/2026/06/01/foundation/> .
@base            <https://ceco.one/v/2026/06/01/foundation/> .

:
  ##### OWL Ontology Type and Version ....................................##### 
  a owl:Ontology ;
  owl:versionIRI <https://ceco.one/v/2026/06/01/foundation/> ;
  owl:versionInfo "v2026-06-01" ;
  
  ##### Labels ...........................................................#####
  skos:prefLabel  "CeCO Foundation" ;
  dcterms:creator "Simon Johnston <johnstonskj@gmail.com>" ;
  dcterms:title   "Common eCommerce Ontology (CeCO) Foundation Layer"@en ;
  rdfs:seeAlso    <https://simonkjohnston.life/CeCO/foundation/index.html> ;
 
  ##### Import any necessary Ontologies here .............................#####
  owl:imports     <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core> ;
  owl:imports     <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .

Classes

Class Predicates

The following are the expected predicates expected on all rdfs:Class resources.

Name	Required	Value / Purpose
`rdf:type` / `a`	yes	At least `owl:Class`.
`rdfs:subClassOf`	no	Required if this has one or more parent classes.
`owl:disjointWith`	no	Denotes one or more classes this class is disjoint with.
`skos:prefLabel`	yes	Primary label/name for this class.
`skos:altLabel`	no	Alternate label/names for this class.
`skos:definition`	yes	Definition of this class (precise/concise as possible).
`dcterms:description`	no	Informal description of this class.
`skos:example`	no	One or more illustrative examples.

Expected Class Predicates

Class Naming

Class Names: UpperCamelCase
Labels: Sentence cased

:FoundationalThing a owl:Class ;
  skos:prefLabel "Foundational thing" .

Example Class

:Reference
  ##### Class Definition .................................................#####
  a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  owl:disjointWith fnd:Referent ;
  
  ##### Labels and Definition ............................................#####
  skos:prefLabel "Reference"@en ;
  skos:definition 
    "A label used to *refer to a thing*, distinct from a *thing* itself."@en .

Properties

Property Predicates

The following are the expected predicates expected on all owl:ObjectProperty resources.

Name	Required	Value / Purpose
`rdf:type` / `a`	yes	At least `owl:ObjectProperty`.
`rdfs:subPropertyOf`	no	Required if this has one or more parent properties.
`owl:inverseOf`	no	Denotes another property this property is the inverse of.
`skos:prefLabel`	yes	Primary label/name for this property.
`skos:altLabel`	no	Alternate label/names for this property.
`skos:definition`	yes	Definition of this property (precise/concise as possible).
`dcterms:description`	no	Informal description of this property.
`skos:example`	no	One or more illustrative examples.

Expected Property Predicates

Property Naming

Property Names: lowerCamelCase
Labels: all lower case

:foundationalRelation a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  skos:prefLabel "foundational relation" .

Example Property

:aPartyTo 
  ##### Class Definition .................................................#####
  a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf :includesParty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Party ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Agreement ;
  
  ##### Labels and Definition ............................................#####
  skos:prefLabel "a party to"@en ;
  skos:definition 
    "Denotes that this party plays a *rôle* within the related agreement."@en .

Foundation

The CeCO Foundation is a domain-independent set of core concepts providing simple but formal building blocks for the domain-specifics in the following sections. The core is organized into the following logical sections.

Core; a set of five concepts that are the the basis for all classes in CeCO.
Identity Aspects; fundamental classes for classification and identification.
Structural Aspects; aspects for describing the fundamental structure of things.
Spatial Aspects; aspects for describing spatial things.
Temporal Aspects; aspects for describing temporal events and spans.
Agreements; the fundamental notions of agreements between parties.
Artifacts; the very basic notion of an artifact as a thing.

The IRI for the Ontology is <https://ceco.one/v/2026/06/01/foundation/>.

Core

This simple core defines only five classes that act as the top for all others in the rest of the foundation, and all domains. The four properties, while not super-properties for all properties in the way that fnd:Thing is a super-type, are commonly used.

Core Classes

Foundation Core

Classes

Functional reference

Definition:

A reference that uniquely identifies it's referent; any unique value of a functional reference identifies at most one referent.

OWL:

fnd:FunctionalReference a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Reference ;
  skos:prefLabel "Functional reference"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Physical thing

Definition:

A thing that has a physical form, it has mass and dimensions.

OWL:

fnd:PhysicalThing a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Referent ;
  skos:prefLabel "Physical thing"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Reference

Definition:

A label used to refer to a thing, distinct from a thing itself.

OWL:

fnd:Reference a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  owl:disjointWith fnd:Referent ;
  skos:prefLabel "Reference"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Referent

Definition:

An actual thing which exists regardless and independent of any particular labels used to describe, name, or identify it. It is the thing.

OWL:

fnd:Referent a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  owl:disjointWith fnd:Reference ;
  skos:prefLabel "Referent"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Thing

Definition:

A thing is.

OWL:

fnd:Thing a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf owl:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Thing"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Properties

Core Properties

Foundation Properties

has reference

Definition:

Denotes that a referent has one or more references.

OWL:

fnd:hasReference a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf fnd:referenceProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf fnd:refersTo ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Referent ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Reference ;
  skos:prefLabel "has reference"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

has unique reference

Definition:

Denotes the case that a referent has a uniquely identifying reference.

OWL:

fnd:hasUniqueReference a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf fnd:referenceProperty, fnd:hasReference ;
  owl:inverseOf fnd:uniquelyRefersTo ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Referent ;
  rdfs:range fnd:FunctionalReference ;
  skos:prefLabel "has unique reference"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

reference property

Definition:

A Property between referents and references.

OWL:

fnd:referenceProperty a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  skos:prefLabel "reference property"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

refers to

Definition:

Denotes a the referent that a reference describes.

OWL:

fnd:refersTo a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf fnd:referenceProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf fnd:hasReference ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Reference ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Referent ;
  skos:prefLabel "refers to"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

uniquely refers to

Definition:

Denotes a the referent that a functional reference uniquely describes.

OWL:

fnd:uniquelyRefersTo a owl:FunctionalProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf fnd:referenceProperty, fnd:refersTo ;
  owl:inverseOf fnd:hasUniqueReference ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:FunctionalReference ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Referent ;
  skos:prefLabel "uniquely refers to"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Identity Aspects

Identity, and classification, are important in many ontologies; for example, we make use of IRIs to identify classes and property definitions in our ontologies and classify classes and properties as SKOS concepts as appropriate. In this section we provide the ability to define schemes which describe the namespace, rules, and authority for a set things and then go on to define classifier and identifier schemes.

Identity Aspect Classes

Classes

Classification scheme

Definition:

A classification scheme provides a reference and scope for a set of classifiers.

OWL:

fnd:ClassificationScheme a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Scheme ;
  skos:prefLabel "Classification scheme"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Classified thing

Definition:

A thing to which classifiers have been/may be attached.

OWL:

fnd:ClassifiedThing a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Classified thing"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Classifier

Definition:

A classifier is used to denote a group to which one more things belongs, within some classification scheme.

OWL:

fnd:Classifier a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Reference ;
  skos:prefLabel "Classifier"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Functional identifier

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:FunctionalIdentifier a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Identifier ;
  skos:prefLabel "Functional identifier"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Identification scheme

Definition:

An identification scheme provides a reference and scope for a set of identifiers.

OWL:

fnd:IdentificationScheme a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Scheme ;
  skos:prefLabel "Identification scheme"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Identified thing

Definition:

A thing to which identifiers have been/may be attached.

OWL:

fnd:IdentifiedThing a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Identified thing"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Identifier

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:Identifier a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Reference ;
  skos:prefLabel "Identifier"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Scheme

Definition:

A scheme is an agreement to use a common format, a common style or namespace.

Examples:

The GS1 Global Trade Identification Number (GTIN).
The International Standard Book Number (ISBN).

OWL:

fnd:Scheme a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Agreement ;
  skos:prefLabel "Scheme"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en ;
  skos:example "..." .

Properties

Identity Aspect Properties

IdentitAspect Properties

authority

Definition:

Denotes that one party in the scheme's agreement with responsibility for management of the scheme; for example, setting rules and arbitrating issues.

Example:

The GTIN scheme has the organization GS1 as it's authority.
gtin: :authority gs1: .

OWL:

fnd:authority a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf fnd:includesParty ;
  owl:inverseOf fnd:authorityForScheme ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Scheme ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Party ;
  skos:prefLabel "authority"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en ;
  skos:example "..."@en .

authority for scheme

Definition:

Denotes a scheme which this party has authority over.

Example:

GS1 is the authority for the GTIN scheme.
gs1: :authorityForScheme gtin: .

OWL:

fnd:authorityForScheme a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf fnd:aPartyTo ;
  owl:inverseOf fnd:authority ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Party ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Scheme ;
  skos:prefLabel "authority for scheme"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en ;
  skos:example "..."@en .

broader classifier

Definition:

TBD

Example:

Toy is a broader classifier than building bricks.
ex:Toys :broaderClassifier :BuildingBricks .
Furniture is a broader classifier than chairs.
ex:Furniture :broaderClassifier :Chairs .
Science and Technology is a is a broader classifier than Computer Science.
ex:ScienceAndTechnology :broaderClassifier ex:ComputerScience .

OWL:

fnd:broaderClassifier a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf fnd:narrowerClassifier ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Classifier ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Classifier ;
  skos:prefLabel "broader classifier"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en ;
  skos:example "..."@en .

broader transitive classifier

Definition:

TBD

Example:

If building bricks is a broader transitive classifier than Legos, and toys is a broader transitive classifier than building bricks, then toys is a broader transitive classifier than Legos.

OWL:

fnd:broaderTransitiveClassifier a owl:TransitiveProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf fnd:narrowerTransitiveClassifier ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Classifier ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Classifier ;
  skos:prefLabel "broader transitive classifier"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en ;
  skos:example "..."@en .

classified by

Definition:

TBD

Example:

The thing <https://dl.acm.org/doi/book/10.1145/3382097> is classified by Computer Science.

OWL:

fnd:classifiedBy a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:ClassifiedThing ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Classifier ;
  skos:prefLabel "classified by"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en ;
  skos:example "..."@en .

classifies

Definition:

TBD

Example:

The classifier Computer Science classifies the thing <https://dl.acm.org/doi/book/10.1145/3382097>.

OWL:

fnd:classifies a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Classifier ;
  rdfs:range fnd:ClassifiedThing ;
  skos:prefLabel "classifies"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en ;
  skos:example "..."@en .

identified by

Definition:

TBD

Example:

The thing <https://dl.acm.org/doi/book/10.1145/3382097> is identified by urn:isbn:978-1-4503-7617-4.

OWL:

fnd:identifiedBy a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:IdentifiedThing ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Identifier ;
  skos:prefLabel "identified by"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en 
  skos:example "..." .

identifies

Definition:

TBD

Example:

The identifier urn:isbn:978-1-4503-7617-4 identifies the thing <https://dl.acm.org/doi/book/10.1145/3382097>.

OWL:

fnd:identifiesa owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Identifier ;
  rdfs:range fnd:IdentifiedThing ;
  skos:prefLabel "identifies"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en  ;
  skos:example "..." .

in classification scheme

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:inClassificationScheme a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Classifier ;
  rdfs:range fnd:ClassificationScheme ;
  skos:prefLabel "in classification scheme"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

in identification scheme

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:inIdentificationScheme a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Identifier ;
  rdfs:range fnd:IdentificationScheme ;
  skos:prefLabel "in identification scheme"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en ;
  skos:example "..."@en .

narrower classifier

Definition:

TBD

Example:

Building bricks is a narrower classifier than toys.
ex:BuildingBricks :narrowerClassifier ex:Toys .
Chairs is a narrower classifier than furniture.
ex:Chairs :narrowerClassifier ex:Furniture .
Computer Science is a is a narrower classifier than Science and Technology.
ex:ComputerScience :narrowerClassifier ex:ScienceAndTechnology .

OWL:

fnd:narrowerClassifier a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf fnd:broaderClassifier ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Classifier ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Classifier ;
  skos:prefLabel "narrower classifier"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en ; 
  skos:example "..." .

narrower transitive classifier

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:narrowerTransitiveClassifier a owl:TransitiveProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf fnd:broaderTransitiveClassifier ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Classifier ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Classifier ;
  skos:prefLabel "narrower transitive classifier"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Structural Aspects

Structural Aspect Classes

Structural Aspects

Classes

Aggregate

Definition:

An aggregate thing is one where at least some of the parts of the whole remain somewhat distinct and removable from it.

Example:

A Car is an aggregate where components like wheels and engine can be removed and replaced.

OWL:

fnd:Aggregate a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:StructuredThing ;
  owl:disjointWith fnd:Composite;
  skos:prefLabel "Aggregate"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en ;
  skos:example "..." .

Atomic

Definition:

An atomic thing has no parts that from which it was made, or into which it may be decomposed. Atomic things are disjoint with structured things.

OWL:

fnd:Atomic a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:PhysicalThing ;
  owl:disjointWith StructuredThing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Atomic"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Composite

Definition:

A composite thing is one where the parts, once included in the whole no longer have any distinction from the whole and may not be meaningfully removed from it.

Example:

An omelette is a composite, you cannot reconstitute the egg used as a part.

OWL:

fnd:Composite a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:StructuredThing ;
  owl:disjointWith fnd:Aggregate ;
  skos:prefLabel "Composite"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Dependent thing

Definition:

A thing whose existence depends on the existence of some other thing.

OWL:

fnd:DependentThing a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  owl:disjointWith fnd:IndependentThing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Dependent thing"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Independent thing

Definition:

A thing whose existence is not dependent on the existence of some other thing.

OWL:

fnd:IndependentThing a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  owl:disjointWith fnd:DependentThing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Independent thing"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Part

Definition:

Some thing which acts as a component of a structured thing.

OWL:

fnd:Part a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Part"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Physical thing

Definition:

A thing that has a physical form, it has mass and dimensions.

OWL:

fnd:PhysicalThing a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Referent ;
  skos:prefLabel "Physical thing"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Structured thing

Definition:

A thing that has some form of internal structure, it has parts whether it is a composite or aggregate thing.

OWL:

fnd:StructuredThing a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:PhysicalThing ;
  owl:disjointWith fnd:Atomic ;
  skos:prefLabel "Structured thing"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Spacial Aspects

Spacial Aspect Classes

Spacial Aspects

Classes

Spacial extent

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:SpacialExtent a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:SpatialReference ;
  skos:prefLabel "Spacial extent"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Spacial location

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:SpacialLocation a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:SpatialReference ;
  skos:prefLabel "Spacial location"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Spacial object

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:SpacialObject a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:SpatialReference ;
  skos:prefLabel "Spacial object"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Spatial reference

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:SpatialReference a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Reference ;
  skos:prefLabel "Spatial reference"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Spatial reference scheme

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:SpatialReferenceScheme a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Scheme ;
  skos:prefLabel "Spatial reference scheme"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Spatial region

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:SpatialRegion a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:SpatialReference ;
  skos:prefLabel "Spatial region"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Properties

spatial property

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:spatialProperty a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Thing ;
  rdfs:range fnd:SpatialReference ;
  skos:prefLabel "spatial property"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

in spatial scheme

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:inSpatialScheme a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:SpatialReference ;
  rdfs:range fnd:SpatialReferenceScheme ;
  skos:prefLabel "in spatial scheme"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Temporal Aspects

Classes

Temporal reference

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:TemporalReference a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Reference ;
  skos:prefLabel "Temporal reference"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Temporal event

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:TemporalEvent a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:TemporalReference ;
  skos:prefLabel "Temporal event"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Temporal span

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:TemporalSpan a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:TemporalReference ;
  skos:prefLabel "Temporal span"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Properties

temporal property

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:temporalProperty a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Thing ;
  rdfs:range fnd:TemporalReference ;
  skos:prefLabel "temporal property"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

temporal span start event

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:temporalSpanStartEvent a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf fnd:temporalProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:TemporalSpan ;
  rdfs:range fnd:TemporalEvent ;
  skos:prefLabel "temporal span start event"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

temporal span end event

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

fnd:temporalSpanEndEvent a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf fnd:temporalProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:TemporalSpan ;
  rdfs:range fnd:TemporalEvent ;
  skos:prefLabel "temporal span end event"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Agreements

Agreement Classes

Agreements

Classes

Agreement

Definition:

An agreement is a mutual arrangement between two or more parties performing defined duties (or rôles), agreeing on certain outcomes, or actions, and obeying certain conditions.

OWL:

fnd:Agreement a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Agreement"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Condition

Definition:

A condition is some restriction on one or more party, or on the environment the parties act within for the duration of the agreement.

fnd:Condition a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:DependentThing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Condition"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Duty

Definition:

One or more activities assigned to a party in an agreement; in some cases this allows for template agreements where the party can be simple replaced at some point for the named duty.

fnd:Duty a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:DependentThing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Duty"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Outcome

Definition:

Some expected future state, some created artifact or financial instrument, or some performed action.

fnd:Outcome a owl:Class ;
  dfs:subClassOf fnd:DependentThing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Outcome"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Party

Definition:

A participant within the agreement having one or more duties to perform.

fnd:Party a owl:Class ;
  dfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Party"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Properties

Agreement Properties

a party to

Definition:

Denotes that this party plays a role within the related agreement.

fnd:aPartyTo a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf includesParty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Party ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Agreement ;
  skos:prefLabel "a party to"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

defines duty

Definition:

...

fnd:definesDuty a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf fnd:dutyProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf fnd:performedInScope ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Agreement ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Duty ;
  skos:prefLabel "defines duty"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

duty performed by

Definition:

...

fnd:dutyPerformedBy a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf fnd:dutyProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf fnd:performsDuty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Duty ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Party ;
  skos:prefLabel "duty performed by"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

duty property

Definition:

...

fnd:dutyProperty a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  skos:prefLabel "duty property"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

effective timespan

Definition:

This agreement is valid for the associated time span.

fnd:effectiveTimespan a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Agreement ;
  rdfs:range fnd:TemporalSpanReference ;
  skos:prefLabel "effective timespan"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

has condition

Definition:

This agreement includes this condition.

fnd:hasCondition a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Agreement ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Condition ;
  skos:prefLabel "has condition"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

includes party

Definition:

This agreement includes this party.

fnd:includesParty a owl:ObjectProperty ;
owl:inverseOf aPartyTo ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Agreement ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Party ;
  skos:prefLabel "includes party"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

performed in scope

Definition:

...

fnd:performedInScope a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf fnd:definesDuty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Duty ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Agreement ;
  skos:prefLabel "performed in scope"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

performs duty

Definition:

...

fnd:performsDuty a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf fnd:dutyPerformedBy ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Party ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Duty ;
  skos:prefLabel "performs duty"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Artifacts

Artifact Classes

Artifacts

Classes

TBD

Artifact

Definition:

OWL:

fnd:Artifact a owl:Class ;
  dfs:subClassOf fnd:Referent ;
  skos:prefLabel "Artifact"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Dependent artifact

Definition:

OWL:

fnd:DependentArtifact a owl:Class ;
  dfs:subClassOf fnd:DependentThing, fnd:Artifact ;
  skos:prefLabel "Dependent artifact"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Definition:

OWL:

Document

Definition:

OWL:

fnd:Document a owl:Class ;
  dfs:subClassOf fnd:Artifact ;
  skos:prefLabel "Document"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Independent artifact

Definition:

OWL:

fnd:IndependentArtifact a owl:Class ;
  dfs:subClassOf fnd:IndependentThing, fnd:Artifact ;
  skos:prefLabel "Independent artifact"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Properties

Artifact Properties

artifact property

Definition:

A property on some thing whose value is an artifact.

OWL:

fnd:artifactProperty a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Thing ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Artifact ;
  skos:prefLabel "artifact property"@en ;
  skos:definition "A property on some *thing* whose value is an artifact."@en ;
  skos:example "The property `author`, as a sub-property, is a relation from a party to an artifact.".

party property of artifact

Definition:

A property of an artifact whose value is a party.

OWL:

fnd:partyPropertyOfArtifact a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:propertyOfArtifact ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Artifact ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Party ;
  skos:prefLabel "A property of an artifact whose value is a party."@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

property of artifact

Definition:

A property of an artifact, the type of which is unknown.

OWL:

fnd:propertyOfArtifact a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Artifact ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "property of artifact"@en ;
  skos:definition "A property of an artifact, the type of which is unknown."@en .

temporal event property of artifact

Definition:

A property of an artifact whose value is a point in time (temporal event).

OWL:

fnd:temporalEventPropertyOfArtifact a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:propertyOfArtifact ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Artifact ;
  rdfs:range fnd:TemporalEvent ;
  skos:prefLabel "temporal event property of artifact"@en ;
  skos:definition "A property of an artifact whose value is a point in time (temporal event)."@en .

temporal span property of artifact

Definition:

A property of an artifact whose value is a span in time (temporal span).

OWL:

fnd:temporalSpanPropertyOfArtifact a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:propertyOfArtifact ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Artifact ;
  rdfs:range fnd:TemporalSpan ;
  skos:prefLabel "temporal span property of artifact"@en ;
  skos:definition "A property of an artifact whose value is a span in time (temporal span)."@en ;
  skos:example "A sub-class of this property may be `validityDuration` for artifacts that expire.".

Domains

Domain: Actors

Actors Core

View: Authority

Actor Authority

Actors Authority

View: Authorization

Actor Authorization

Actors Authorization

Classes

Action

Definition:

An intentional behavior performed by an actor resulting in some outcome.

OWL:

:Action a owl:Class
  skos:prefLabel "Action"@en ;
  skos:definition 
    "..."@en.

Actor

Definition:

Some identifiable participant able to take certain actions within some scope or environment.

OWL:

act:Actor a owl:Class
  skos:prefLabel "Actor"@en ;
  skos:definition 
    "..."@en.

Agency

Definition:

The ability, within some scope or environment, to perform an action or actions.

OWL:

:Agency a owl:Class
  skos:prefLabel "Agency"@en ;
  skos:definition 
    "..."@en.

Authority

Definition:

The permission granted by some actor with...

OWL:

Authorization

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

AuthorizationActor

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

Environment

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

GrantAction

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

GrantAuthority

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

Outcome

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

Properties

grantedBy

Definition:

Denotes the relation between the claim of Authority held by the Actor and the AuthorizationActor that granted it.

OWL:

hasAgency

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

hasAuthority

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

responsibleFor

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

resultingIn

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

toPerform

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

withinEnvironment

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

CeCO Domain: Advertising

Advertising Overview

View: Actors

Advertising Actors

View: Campaigns

Advertising Campaigns

View: Demand

Advertising Demand

View: Orders

Advertising Orders

View: Supply

Advertising Supply

View: Targeting

Advertising Targeting

Classes

ClassName

Definition:

...

OWL:

:ClassName a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "ClassName"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Properties

a property

Definition:

...

:aProperty a rdfs:Property ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Thing ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "a propery"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Domain: Customers

Customer Overview

View: Customer Accounts

Customer Accounts

View: Customer Programs

Customer Programs

View: Customer Profiles

Customer Profiles

Views: Customer Preferences

Customer Preferences

View: Customer Purchases

Customer Purchases

Classes

ClassName

Definition:

...

OWL:

:ClassName a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "ClassName"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Properties

a property

Definition:

...

:aProperty a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Thing ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "a propery"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Domain: Finance

Finance

Finance Overview

Views

Fraud

Classes

ClassName

Definition:

...

OWL:

:ClassName a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "ClassName"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Properties

a property

Definition:

...

:aProperty a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Thing ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "a propery"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Inventory

View: Inventory Units

Inventory Units

View: Inventory Breakdown

Inventory Breakdown

View: Inventory Nodes

Inventory Nodes

View: Inventory Shipments

Inventory Shipments

Classes

ClassName

Definition:

...

OWL:

:ClassName a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "ClassName"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Properties

a property

Definition:

...

:aProperty a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Thing ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "a propery"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Domain: Legal

...

OWL:

:BusinessEntity a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :JuridicalPerson ;
  skos:prefLabel "Business entity"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Claim

Definition:

...

OWL:

:Claim a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Outcome ;
  skos:prefLabel "Claim"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Consideration

Definition:

...

OWL:

:Consideration a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Consideration"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Contract

Definition:

...

OWL:

:Contract a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Agreement ;
  skos:prefLabel "Contract"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Entity group

Definition:

...

OWL:

:EntityGroup a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:DependentThing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Entity group"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Formal organization

Definition:

...

OWL:

:FormalOrganization a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :HierarchicalEntityGroup ;
  skos:prefLabel "Formal organization"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Governmental entity

Definition:

...

OWL:

:GovernmentalEntity a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :JuridicalPerson ;
  skos:prefLabel "Governmental entity"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Hierarchical entity group

Definition:

...

OWL:

:HierarchicalEntityGroup a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :EntityGroup ;
  skos:prefLabel "Hierarchical entity group"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Identity claim

Definition:

...

OWL:

:IdentityClaim a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :LegalDocument ;
  skos:prefLabel "Identity claim"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Juridical person

Definition:

...

OWL:

:JuridicalPerson a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :LegalEntity ;
  skos:prefLabel "Juridical person"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Jurisdiction

Definition:

...

OWL:

:Jurisdiction a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:SpatialRegion ;
  skos:prefLabel "Jurisdiction"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Legal document

Definition:

...

OWL:

:LegalDocument a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Document ;
  skos:prefLabel "Legal document"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Legal entity

Definition:

...

OWL:

:LegalEntity a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Referent ;
  skos:prefLabel "Legal entity"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Legal identification scheme

Definition:

...

OWL:

:LegalIdentificationScheme a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:IdentificationScheme ;
  skos:prefLabel "Legal identification scheme"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Legal identifier

Definition:

...

OWL:

:LegalIdentifier a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:ThIdentifiering ;
  skos:prefLabel "Legal identifier"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Natural person

Definition:

...

OWL:

:NaturalPerson a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :LegalEntity ;
  skos:prefLabel "Natural person"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Obligation

Definition:

...

OWL:

:Obligation a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Outcome ;
  skos:prefLabel "Obligation"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Sub contract

Definition:

...

OWL:

:SubContract a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :Contract ;
  skos:prefLabel "Sub contract"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Surviving obligation

Definition:

...

OWL:

:SurvivingObligation a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :Obligation ;
  skos:prefLabel "Surviving obligation"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Properties

assertion artifact

Definition:

...

:assertionArtifact a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :IdentityClaim ;
  rdfs:range :LegalDocument ;
  skos:prefLabel "assertion artifact"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

assertion claim

Definition:

...

:assertionClaim a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :LegalEntity ;
  rdfs:range :IdentityClaim ;
  skos:prefLabel "assertion claim"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

assertion legal identifier

Definition:

...

:assertionLegalIdentifier a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :IdentityClaim ;
  rdfs:range :LegalIdentifier ;
  skos:prefLabel "assertion legal identifier"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

assertion validity span

Definition:

...

:assertionValiditySpan a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :IdentityClaim ;
  rdfs:range fnd:TemporalSpan ;
  skos:prefLabel "assertion validity span"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

contractually constructs

Definition:

...

:contractuallyConstructs a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Thing ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Thing ; # Claim OR Obligation
  skos:prefLabel "contractually constructs"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

contractually entails

Definition:

...

:contractuallyEntails a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Contract ;
  rdfs:range :Consideration ; 
  skos:prefLabel "contractually entails"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

hasJurisdiction

Definition:

...

:hasJurisdiction a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :GovernmentalEntity ;
  rdfs:range :Jurisdiction ;
  skos:prefLabel "has jurisdiction"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

has member

Definition:

...

:hasMember a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :EntityGroup ;
  rdfs:range :LegalEntity ;
  skos:prefLabel "has member"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

has organization

Definition:

...

:hasOrganization a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Thing ; # BusinessEntity OR GovernmentalEntity
  rdfs:range :FormalOrganization ;
  skos:prefLabel "has organization"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

has sub contract

Definition:

...

:hasSubContract a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Contract ;
  rdfs:range :SubContract ;
  skos:prefLabel "has sub contract"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

is contained within group

Definition:

...

:isContainedWithinGroup a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :HierarchicalEntityGroup ;
  rdfs:range :EntityGroup ;
  skos:prefLabel "is contained within group"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

is legally owned by

Definition:

...

:isLegallyOwnedBy a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Thing ;
  rdfs:range :LegalEntity ;
  skos:prefLabel "is legally owned by"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

is legal owner

Definition:

...

:isLegalOwner a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :LegalEntity ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "is legal owner"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

is member of group

Definition:

...

:isMemberOfGroup a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :EntityGroup ;
  rdfs:range :LegalEntity ;
  skos:prefLabel "is member of group"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

issuing authority

Definition:

...

:issuingAuthority a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :LegalIdentificationScheme ;
  rdfs:range :Legalentity ; # LegalEntity AND Party
  skos:prefLabel "issuing authority"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

jurisdictional region

Definition:

...

:jurisdictionalRegion a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Jurisdiction ;
  rdfs:range fnd:SpatialRegion ;
  skos:prefLabel "jurisdictional region"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

contains entity group

Definition:

...

:containsEntityGroup a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :HierarchicalEntityGroup ;
  rdfs:range :Thing ; # HierarchicalEntityGroup or EntityGroup
  skos:prefLabel "contains entity group"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

promisee

Definition:

...

:promisee a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Claim ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Party ;
  skos:prefLabel "promisee"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

promisor

Definition:

...

:promisor a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Obligation ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Party ;
  skos:prefLabel "promisor"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Domain: Offers

Offers Overview

...

OWL:

:AgeRestrictionEligibility a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :Eligibility ;
  skos:prefLabel "Age restriction eligibility"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Artist

Definition:

...

OWL:

:Artist a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Party, lgl:LegalEntity ;
  skos:prefLabel "Artist"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Brand owner

Definition:

...

OWL:

:BrandOwner a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Party, lgl:LegalEntity ;
  skos:prefLabel "Brand owner"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Constraint

Definition:

...

OWL:

:Constraint a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Constraint"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Customer class eligibility

Definition:

...

OWL:

:CustomerClassEligibility a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :Eligibility ;
  skos:prefLabel "Customer class eligibility"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Distributer

Definition:

...

OWL:

fnd:Distributer a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Party, lgl:LegalEntity ;
  skos:prefLabel "Distributer"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Eligibility

Definition:

...

OWL:

:Eligibility a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :Constraint ;
  skos:prefLabel "Eligibility"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Offer

Definition:

...

OWL:

:Offer a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf lgl:Consideration ;
  skos:prefLabel "Offer"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Seller

Definition:

...

OWL:

:Seller a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Party, lgl:LegalEntity ;
  skos:prefLabel "Seller"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Service provider

Definition:

...

OWL:

:ServiceProvider a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Party, lgl:LegalEntity ;
  skos:prefLabel "Service provider"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Spatial eligibility

Definition:

...

OWL:

:SpatialEligibility a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :Eligibility ;
  skos:prefLabel "Spatial eligibility"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Temporal eligibility

Definition:

...

OWL:

:TemporalEligibility a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :Eligibility ;
  skos:prefLabel "Temporal eligibility"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Term

Definition:

...

OWL:

:Term a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Condition ;
  skos:prefLabel "Term"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Properties

eligible in location

Definition:

...

:eligibleInLocation a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :TemporalEligibility ;
  rdfs:range fnd:TemporalSpan ;
  skos:prefLabel "eligible in location"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

eligible in time

Definition:

...

:eligibleInTime a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :SpatialEligibility ;
  rdfs:range fnd:SpatialReference ;
  skos:prefLabel "eligible in time"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

has eligibility constraints

Definition:

...

:hasEligibilityConstraints a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Offer ;
  rdfs:range :Eligibility ;
  skos:prefLabel "has eligibility constraints"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

seller of record

Definition:

...

:sellerOfRecord a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Offer ;
  rdfs:range :Seller ;
  skos:prefLabel "seller of record"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

terms of sale

Definition:

...

:termsOfSale a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Offer ;
  rdfs:range :Term ;
  skos:prefLabel "terms of sale"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

to sell

Definition:

...

fnd:toSell a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Offer ;
  rdfs:range :Item ;
  skos:prefLabel "to sell"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Domain: Products

...

OWL:

:ClassName a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "ClassName"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Properties

a property

Definition:

...

:aProperty a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain fnd:Thing ;
  rdfs:range fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "a propery"@en ;
  skos:definition "..."@en .

Domain: Spatial

TBD

OWL:

:GeographicCoordinate a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :SpatialLocation ;
  skos:prefLabel "Geographic cordinate"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Geographic Coordinate Scheme

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:Geographic coordinate scheme a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :SpatialReferenceScheme ;
  skos:prefLabel "Geographic coordinate scheme"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Postal Address

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:PostalAddress a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :SpatialLocation ;
  skos:prefLabel "Postal address"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Postal Address Scheme

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:PostalAddressScheme a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :SpatialReferenceScheme ;
  skos:prefLabel "Postal address scheme"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Postal Code

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:PostalCode a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :SpatialLocation ;
  skos:prefLabel "Postal code"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Postal Code Scheme

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:PostalCodeScheme a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :SpatialReferenceScheme ;
  skos:prefLabel "Postal code scheme"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Properties

hasPostalCode

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:hasPostalCode a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :PostalAddress ;
  rdfs:range :PostalCode ;
  skos:prefLabel "has postal code"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

inGeographicScheme

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:inGeographicScheme a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :inScheme ;
  rdfs:domain :GeographicCoordinate ;
  rdfs:range :GeographicCoordinateScheme ;
  skos:prefLabel "in geographic scheme"@en ;
  skos:definition ""@en .

Manufacturing

Structure Overview

Manufacturing Overview

TBD

OWL:

:Activity a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Activity"@en .

Assembly

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:Assembly a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :PartOf, :Whole ;
  skos:prefLabel "Assembly"@en .

Bill of materials

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:BillOfMaterials a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Artifact ;
  skos:prefLabel "Bill of materials"@en .

Component

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:Component a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :PartOf, :Whole ;
  skos:prefLabel "Component"@en .

Manufacture

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:Manufacture a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :Process ;
  skos:prefLabel "Manufacture"@en .

Material

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:NonTangibleResource a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :Resource ;
  skos:prefLabel "Non-tangible resource"@en .

Non-tangible resource

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:NonTangibleResource a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :Resource ;
  skos:prefLabel "Non-tangible resource"@en .

Part

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:Part a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :PartOf ;
  skos:prefLabel "Part"@en .

Part of

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:PartOf a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :Material ;
  owl:disjointWith :Whole ;
  skos:altLabel "Meronym"@en ;
  skos:prefLabel "Part of"@en .

Process

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:Process a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  skos:prefLabel "Process"@en .

Resource

Definition:

A resource is anything that can be drawn upon to function, survive, or achieve a goal.

OWL:

:Resource a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf fnd:Thing ;
  skos:definition "..."@en ;
  skos:prefLabel "Resource"@en .

Sub-assembly

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:SubAssembly a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :PartOf, :Whole ;
  skos:prefLabel "Sub-assembly"@en .

Tangible resource

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:TangibleResource a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :Resource ;
  skos:prefLabel "Tangible resource"@en .

Whole

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:Whole a owl:Class ;
  rdfs:subClassOf :Material ;
  skos:altLabel "Holonym"@en ;
  skos:prefLabel "Whole"@en .

Properties

Structure Properties

Manufacturing Properties

activity property

Definition:

...

OWL:

:activityProperty a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf owl:topObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain [
    a owl:Class ;
    owl:unionOf (
      :Activity
      :Resource
    )
  ] ;
  rdfs:range [
    a owl:Class ;
    owl:unionOf (
      :Activity
      :Resource
    )
  ] ;
  skos:prefLabel "activity property"@en .

assembles

Definition:

...

OWL:

:assembles a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :activityProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Activity ;
  rdfs:range :Material ;
  skos:prefLabel "assembles"@en .

codependent with

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:codependentWith a owl:ObjectProperty, owl:SymmetricProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :mereologicalProperty ;
  skos:prefLabel "co-dependent with"@en .

consumes

Definition:

...

OWL:

:consumes a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :activityProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Activity ;
  rdfs:range :Material ;
  skos:prefLabel "consumes"@en .

details breakdown of

Definition:

...

OWL:

:detailsBreakdownOf a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf owl:topObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :BillOfMaterials ;
  rdfs:range :Assembly ;
  skos:prefLabel "details breakdown of"@en .

has activity

Definition:

...

OWL:

:hasActivity a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :processProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf :isActivityWithin ;
  rdfs:domain :Process ;
  rdfs:range :Activity ;
  skos:prefLabel "has activity"@en .

has dependent

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:hasDependent a owl:ObjectProperty, owl:TransitiveProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :mereologicalProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf :isDependentOn ;
  skos:prefLabel "has dependent"@en .

has dependent part

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:hasDependentPart a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :hasPart ;
  owl:inverseOf :isDependentPartOf ;
  rdfs:range [
    a owl:Class ;
    owl:intersectionOf (
      fnd:DependentThing
      :PartOf
    )
  ] ;
  skos:prefLabel "has dependent part"@en .

has independent part

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:hasIndependentPart a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :hasPart ;
  owl:inverseOf :isIndependentPartOf ;
  rdfs:range [
    a owl:Class ;
    owl:intersectionOf (
      fnd:IndependentThing
      :PartOf
    )
  ] ;
  skos:prefLabel "has independent part"@en .

has part

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:hasPart a owl:ObjectProperty, owl:TransitiveProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :mereologicalProperty ;
  owl:inverseOf :isPartOf ;
  rdfs:domain :Whole ;
  rdfs:range :PartOf ;
  skos:altLabel "holonymy"@en ;
  skos:prefLabel "has part"@en .

is activity within

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:isActivityWithin a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :processProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Activity ;
  rdfs:range :Process ;
  skos:prefLabel "is activity within"@en .

is co-dependent with

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:isCodependentWith a owl:ObjectProperty, owl:SymmetricProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :mereologicalProperty ;
  skos:prefLabel "is co-dependent with"@en .

is dependent on

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:isDependentOn a owl:ObjectProperty, owl:TransitiveProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :mereologicalProperty ;
  skos:prefLabel "is dependent on"@en .

is dependent part of

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:isDependentPartOf a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :isPartOf ;
  rdfs:domain [
    a owl:Class ;
    owl:intersectionOf (
      fnd:DependentThing
      :Whole
    )
  ] ;
  skos:prefLabel "is dependent part of"@en .

is independent part of

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:isIndependentPartOf a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :isPartOf ;
  rdfs:domain [
    a owl:Class ;
    owl:intersectionOf (
      fnd:IndependentThing
      :Whole
    )
  ] ;
  skos:prefLabel "is independent part of"@en .

is part of

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:isPartOf a owl:ObjectProperty, owl:TransitiveProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :mereologicalProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :PartOf ;
  rdfs:range :Whole ;
  skos:altLabel "meronymy"@en ;
  skos:prefLabel "is part of"@en .

merelogical property

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:mereologicalProperty a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf owl:topObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:domain [
    a owl:Class ;
    owl:unionOf (
      :PartOf
      :Whole
    )
  ] ;
  rdfs:range [
    a owl:Class ;
    owl:unionOf (
      :PartOf
      :Whole
    )
  ] ;
  skos:prefLabel "mereological property"@en .

process property

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:processProperty a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf owl:topObjectProperty ;
  skos:prefLabel "process property"@en .

produces

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:produces a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :activityProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Activity ;
  rdfs:range :Material ;
  skos:prefLabel "produces"@en .

requires

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:requires a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :activityProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Activity ;
  rdfs:range :Material ;
  skos:prefLabel "requires"@en .

transforms

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:transforms a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :activityProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Activity ;
  rdfs:range :Material ;
  skos:prefLabel "transforms"@en .

waits for

Definition:

TBD

OWL:

:waitsFor a owl:ObjectProperty ;
  rdfs:subPropertyOf :activityProperty ;
  rdfs:domain :Activity ;
  rdfs:range :Activity ;
  skos:prefLabel "waits for"@en .

Keyboard shortcuts

Common eCommerce Ontology